{
  "id": "t-90a-t-90s",
  "name": "T-90A /T-90S",
  "aliases": [],
  "domain": "land",
  "country": "RUS",
  "category": "Main battle tank",
  "status": null,
  "fielded": 1993,
  "operators": [
    "ARM",
    "AZE",
    "CHN",
    "DZA",
    "IND",
    "IRQ",
    "RUS",
    "SYR",
    "VNM"
  ],
  "prolif_count": 9,
  "summary": "T-90A – Russian army version with welded turret, V-92S2 engine, and ESSA thermal viewer. Sometimes called T-90 Vladimir, in honor of its chief designer Vladimir Potkin.",
  "specs": [
    {
      "k": "",
      "label": "Manufacturer",
      "section": "system",
      "v": "Uralvagonzavod",
      "src": [
        "weg-t-90a-t-90s"
      ],
      "conf": "medium"
    },
    {
      "k": "crew",
      "v": 3,
      "src": [
        "weg-t-90a-t-90s"
      ],
      "conf": "medium"
    },
    {
      "k": "length_m",
      "v": 9.63,
      "src": [
        "weg-t-90a-t-90s"
      ],
      "conf": "medium"
    },
    {
      "k": "width_m",
      "v": 3.78,
      "src": [
        "weg-t-90a-t-90s"
      ],
      "conf": "medium"
    },
    {
      "k": "height_m",
      "v": 2.2,
      "src": [
        "weg-t-90a-t-90s"
      ],
      "conf": "medium"
    },
    {
      "k": "combat_weight_t",
      "v": 46,
      "src": [
        "weg-t-90a-t-90s"
      ],
      "conf": "medium"
    },
    {
      "k": "engine_name",
      "v": "V-92S2",
      "src": [
        "weg-t-90a-t-90s"
      ],
      "conf": "medium"
    },
    {
      "k": "engine_hp",
      "v": 1000,
      "src": [
        "weg-t-90a-t-90s"
      ],
      "conf": "medium"
    },
    {
      "k": "road_range_km",
      "v": 550,
      "src": [
        "weg-t-90a-t-90s"
      ],
      "conf": "medium"
    },
    {
      "k": "speed_road_kmh",
      "v": 60,
      "src": [
        "weg-t-90a-t-90s"
      ],
      "conf": "medium"
    },
    {
      "k": "speed_xc_kmh",
      "v": 50,
      "src": [
        "weg-t-90a-t-90s"
      ],
      "conf": "medium"
    },
    {
      "k": "",
      "label": "Suspension",
      "section": "mobility",
      "v": "Torsion bar",
      "src": [
        "weg-t-90a-t-90s"
      ],
      "conf": "medium"
    },
    {
      "k": "",
      "label": "Fording depth (No Preparation)",
      "section": "mobility",
      "v": "1.2 m",
      "src": [
        "weg-t-90a-t-90s"
      ],
      "conf": "medium"
    },
    {
      "k": "",
      "label": "Fording depth (With Preparation)",
      "section": "mobility",
      "v": "5.0 m",
      "src": [
        "weg-t-90a-t-90s"
      ],
      "conf": "medium"
    },
    {
      "k": "",
      "label": "Transmission",
      "section": "mobility",
      "v": "Mechanical",
      "src": [
        "weg-t-90a-t-90s"
      ],
      "conf": "medium"
    },
    {
      "k": "",
      "label": "Rate of fire (max)",
      "section": "armament",
      "v": "7 rds/min; 2-3 rds/min",
      "src": [
        "weg-t-90a-t-90s"
      ],
      "conf": "medium"
    },
    {
      "k": "",
      "label": "Rate of fire (sustained)",
      "section": "armament",
      "v": "5-7 rds/min",
      "src": [
        "weg-t-90a-t-90s"
      ],
      "conf": "medium"
    },
    {
      "k": "",
      "label": "Maximum elevation",
      "section": "armament",
      "v": "+14 deg",
      "src": [
        "weg-t-90a-t-90s"
      ],
      "conf": "medium"
    },
    {
      "k": "",
      "label": "Minimum elevation",
      "section": "armament",
      "v": "-6 deg",
      "src": [
        "weg-t-90a-t-90s"
      ],
      "conf": "medium"
    },
    {
      "k": "",
      "label": "Loader",
      "section": "armament",
      "v": "Carousel-type autoloader",
      "src": [
        "weg-t-90a-t-90s"
      ],
      "conf": "medium"
    },
    {
      "k": "",
      "label": "Computerized FCS",
      "section": "firecontrol",
      "v": "Yes",
      "src": [
        "weg-t-90a-t-90s"
      ],
      "conf": "medium"
    },
    {
      "k": "",
      "label": "Thermal Sight Tank Commander",
      "section": "firecontrol",
      "v": "Yes, ESSA thermal viewer",
      "src": [
        "weg-t-90a-t-90s"
      ],
      "conf": "medium"
    },
    {
      "k": "",
      "label": "Thermal Sight Gunner",
      "section": "firecontrol",
      "v": "Yes, ESSA thermal viewer",
      "src": [
        "weg-t-90a-t-90s"
      ],
      "conf": "medium"
    },
    {
      "k": "",
      "label": "Main Gun Stabilization",
      "section": "firecontrol",
      "v": "Yes, 2E42-4 Zhasmin System",
      "src": [
        "weg-t-90a-t-90s"
      ],
      "conf": "medium"
    },
    {
      "k": "",
      "label": "Fire control system",
      "section": "firecontrol",
      "v": "The Fire Control System is outdated and is from the late 1990s.",
      "src": [
        "weg-t-90a-t-90s"
      ],
      "conf": "medium"
    },
    {
      "k": "",
      "label": "Hull Armor",
      "section": "protection",
      "v": "Steel-composite-reactive blend APFSDS: 550 mm + 250–280 mm with Kontakt-5 = 800–830 mm HEAT: 650–850 mm + 500–700 mm with Kontakt-5 = 1,150–1,550 mm",
      "src": [
        "weg-t-90a-t-90s"
      ],
      "conf": "medium"
    },
    {
      "k": "",
      "label": "Turret Armor",
      "section": "protection",
      "v": "Steel-composite-reactive blend APFSDS: 550 mm + 250–280 mm with Kontakt-5 = 800–830 mm HEAT: 650–850 mm + 500–700 mm with Kontakt-5 = 1,150–1,550 mm",
      "src": [
        "weg-t-90a-t-90s"
      ],
      "conf": "medium"
    },
    {
      "k": "",
      "label": "Applique Armor",
      "section": "protection",
      "v": "Available",
      "src": [
        "weg-t-90a-t-90s"
      ],
      "conf": "medium"
    },
    {
      "k": "",
      "label": "Explosive reactive armor",
      "section": "protection",
      "v": "Yes, Kontakt-5 explosive reactive armor blocks, equivalent to up to 500mm of steel armor",
      "src": [
        "weg-t-90a-t-90s"
      ],
      "conf": "medium"
    },
    {
      "k": "",
      "label": "Active Protection System",
      "section": "protection",
      "v": "Yes, the Shtora-1 countermeasures system",
      "src": [
        "weg-t-90a-t-90s"
      ],
      "conf": "medium"
    },
    {
      "k": "",
      "label": "NBC Protection",
      "section": "protection",
      "v": "Yes, GO-27 PRKhR radiation and chemical agent detection system.",
      "src": [
        "weg-t-90a-t-90s"
      ],
      "conf": "medium"
    },
    {
      "k": "",
      "label": "Smoke Equipment",
      "section": "protection",
      "v": "Yes, banks of 81 mm Toucha 902B grenade launchers that fire the ZD-6 smoke grenade.",
      "src": [
        "weg-t-90a-t-90s"
      ],
      "conf": "medium"
    },
    {
      "k": "main_armament",
      "v": "1 x 2A46M 125mm Smoothbore Gun, 125 mm",
      "src": [
        "weg-t-90a-t-90s"
      ],
      "conf": "medium"
    },
    {
      "k": "armament",
      "label": "Secondary armament",
      "v": "1 x PK (Kalashnikov's Machine Gun) 7.62mm General-Purpose Machine Gun",
      "src": [
        "weg-t-90a-t-90s"
      ],
      "conf": "medium"
    }
  ],
  "payloads": [
    {
      "name": "3BM42M/3BM44M, 125mm Armour-piercing fin-stabilized discardi",
      "role": "125 mm ammunition",
      "src": [
        "weg-t-90a-t-90s"
      ],
      "conf": "medium",
      "caps": {
        "Muzzle velocity": "125 m/s",
        "Armor penetration": "270/60 mm/deg",
        "Projectile weight": "7.5 kg"
      },
      "qty": "44 Total rounds of any combination of 125mm Projectiles"
    },
    {
      "name": "3BM9/3BM10, 125mm Armour-piercing discarding sabot (APDS)",
      "role": "125 mm ammunition",
      "src": [
        "weg-t-90a-t-90s"
      ],
      "conf": "medium",
      "caps": {
        "Muzzle velocity": "1,715-1,800 m/s",
        "Projectile weight": "5.67 kg",
        "Armor penetration": "140/60 mm/deg"
      },
      "qty": "44 Total rounds of any combination of 125mm Projectiles"
    },
    {
      "name": "3BK12M, 125mm (HEAT)",
      "role": "125 mm ammunition",
      "src": [
        "weg-t-90a-t-90s"
      ],
      "conf": "medium",
      "caps": {
        "Muzzle velocity": "905-950 m/s",
        "Projectile weight": "19 kg",
        "Armor penetration": "220/60 mm/deg"
      },
      "qty": "44 Total rounds of any combination of 125mm Projectiles"
    },
    {
      "name": "3OF19, 125mm (HE)",
      "role": "125 mm ammunition",
      "src": [
        "weg-t-90a-t-90s"
      ],
      "conf": "medium",
      "caps": {
        "Muzzle velocity": "760 m/s",
        "Projectile weight": "23 kg"
      },
      "qty": "44 Total rounds of any combination of 125mm Projectiles"
    },
    {
      "name": "Laser Beam Anti-Tank Guided Missiles",
      "role": "ammunition",
      "src": [
        "weg-t-90a-t-90s"
      ],
      "conf": "medium",
      "caps": {
        "Warhead": "4.5 kg",
        "Guidance": "Laser Beam Riding"
      },
      "qty": "6 ea"
    }
  ],
  "variants": [
    {
      "name": "T-90K",
      "text": "Commander's version of the T-90, with additional communication (station R-163-50K) and navigation equipment (TNA-4-3).",
      "src": [
        "weg-t-90a-t-90s"
      ]
    },
    {
      "name": "T-90",
      "text": "The T-90 family is built around a core of MBTs that have been widely exported and developed independently by various countries. The original T-90 is an upgrade of the T-72BM and was designed to show that Russian tank pro",
      "src": [
        "weg-t-90a-t-90s"
      ]
    },
    {
      "name": "T-90AK",
      "text": "Command version of T-90A.",
      "src": [
        "weg-t-90a-t-90s"
      ]
    },
    {
      "name": "T-90AM",
      "text": "The latest version of the T-90A. The main features include the modernization of the old turret design, which is equipped with a new advanced fire control system \"Kalina\" (with integrated combat information and control sy",
      "src": [
        "weg-t-90a-t-90s"
      ]
    },
    {
      "name": "Т-90M",
      "text": "A new modernized version of Т-90А. It's a program of modernization of Vladimir tanks and will include 400 tanks currently in service. Tanks will receive 2А82-1М gun (same as in T-14) and fire control system Kalina. They ",
      "src": [
        "weg-t-90a-t-90s"
      ]
    },
    {
      "name": "T-90S",
      "text": "The export version of the T-90, later adopted by the Russian Armed Forces as the T-90A. These tanks were made by Uralvagonzavod and were updated with 1,000 hp (750 kW) engines made by Chelyabinsk Tractor Plant. These tan",
      "src": [
        "weg-t-90a-t-90s"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "art": "tank",
  "image": null,
  "verified": null,
  "changelog": [
    {
      "date": "2026-10-10",
      "change": "Entry created from the Worldwide Equipment Guide (ODIN), bulk import"
    }
  ],
  "url": "https://www.defensepedia.com/systems/t-90a-t-90s.html",
  "sources": {
    "weg-t-90a-t-90s": {
      "title": "T-90A /T-90S Russian Main Battle Tank (MBT)",
      "publisher": "U.S. Army TRADOC G-2 Worldwide Equipment Guide (ODIN)",
      "url": "https://odin.t2com.army.mil/WEG/Asset/T-90A_T-90S_Russian_Main_Battle_Tank",
      "published": "2026-03-20",
      "tier": 1,
      "checked": "2026-10-10"
    }
  }
}