D
Land ForcesRussia

T-90

Main battle tankFielded 1993Pending verification
Land ForcesRUS
Length 9.63 m
Identification silhouette. Not drawn to scale between entries.
Fact cardConfidence · Source
System
TypeMain battle tank
Date of introduction1993
ProliferationAt least 12 countries
ManufacturerUralvagonzavodMed[1]
Crew3Med[1]
Dimensions and weight
Length9.63 m32 ftMed[1]
Width3.78 m12 ftMed[1]
Height2.2 m7 ftMed[1]
Combat weight46 tMed[1]
Automotive performance
EngineV-92S2Med[1]
Engine power1,000 hpMed[1]
SuspensionTorsion barMed[1]
TransmissionMechanicalMed[1]
Cruising range550 km342 mi · 297 nmiMed[1]
Max road speed60 km/h37 mph · 32 ktMed[1]
Cross-country speed50 km/h31 mph · 27 ktMed[1]
Fording depth (No Preparation)1.2 mMed[1]
Fording depth (With Preparation)5.0 mMed[1]
Protection
Hull ArmorSteel-composite-reactive blend APFSDS: 550 mm + 250–280 mm with Kontakt-5 = 800–830 mm HEAT: 650–850 mm + 500–700 mm with Kontakt-5 = 1,150–1,550 mmMed[1]
Turret ArmorSteel-composite-reactive blend APFSDS: 550 mm + 250–280 mm with Kontakt-5 = 800–830 mm HEAT: 650–850 mm + 500–700 mm with Kontakt-5 = 1,150–1,550 mmMed[1]
Applique ArmorAvailableMed[1]
Explosive reactive armorYes, Kontakt-5 explosive reactive armor blocks, equivalent to up to 500mm of steel armorMed[1]
Active Protection SystemYes, the Shtora-1 countermeasures systemMed[1]
NBC ProtectionYes, GO-27 PRKhR radiation and chemical agent detection system.Med[1]
Smoke EquipmentYes, banks of 81 mm Toucha 902B grenade launchers that fire the ZD-6 smoke grenade.Med[1]
Armament
Rate of fire (max)7 rds/min; 2-3 rds/minMed[1]
Rate of fire (sustained)5-7 rds/minMed[1]
Maximum elevation+14 degMed[1]
Minimum elevation-6 degMed[1]
LoaderCarousel-type autoloaderMed[1]
Main armament1 x 2A46M Smoothbore Gun, 125 mmMed[1]
Secondary armament1 x PK (Kalashnikov's Machine Gun) 7.62mm General-Purpose Machine Gun; 1 x 12.7mm Kord Heavy Machine Gun,Med[1]
Fire control
Fire control system1A45T (an upgraded version of the 1A45 fitted to the T-80U)Med[1]
Computerized FCSYesMed[1]
Thermal Sight GunnerYesMed[1]
Main Gun StabilizationYes, 2E42-4 Zhasmin SystemMed[1]
Variants
T-90ARussian army version with welded turret, V-92S2 engine, and ESSA thermal viewer. Sometimes called T-90 Vladimir, in honor of its chief designer Vladimir Potkin.[1]
T-90KCommander's version of the T-90, with additional communication (station R-163-50K) and navigation equipment (TNA-4-3).[1]
T-90AKCommand version of T-90A.[1]
T-90AMThe latest version of the T-90A. The main features include the modernization of the old turret design, which is equipped with a new advanced fire control system "Kalina" (with integrated combat information and control sy[1]
Т-90MA new modernized version of Т-90А. It's a program of modernization of Vladimir tanks and will include 400 tanks currently in service. Tanks will receive 2А82-1М gun (same as in T-14) and fire control system, Kalina. They[1]
T-90SThe export version of the T-90, later adopted by the Russian Armed Forces as the T-90A. These tanks were made by Uralvagonzavod and were updated with 1,000 hp (750 kW) engines made by Chelyabinsk Tractor Plant. These tan[1]
Weapons and payload options · 5Confidence · Source
3BM42M/3BM44M, 125mm Armour-piercing fin-stabilized discardi125 mm ammunition
Med[1]
Quantity
44 Total rounds of any combination of 125mm Projectiles
Muzzle velocity
125 m/s
Armor penetration
270/60 mm/deg
Projectile weight
7.5 kg
3BM9/3BM10, 125mm Armor-piercing discarding sabot (APDS)125 mm ammunition
Med[1]
Quantity
44 Total rounds of any combination of 125mm Projectiles
Muzzle velocity
1,715-1,800 m/s
Projectile weight
5.67 kg
Armor penetration
140/60 mm/deg
3BK12M, 125mm (HEAT)125 mm ammunition
Med[1]
Quantity
44 Total rounds of any combination of 125mm Projectiles
Muzzle velocity
905-950 m/s
Projectile weight
19 kg
Armor penetration
220/60 mm/deg
3OF19, 125mm (HE)125 mm ammunition
Med[1]
Quantity
44 Total rounds of any combination of 125mm Projectiles
Muzzle velocity
760 m/s
Projectile weight
23 kg
Laser Beam Anti-Tank Guided Missilesammunition
Med[1]
Quantity
6 ea
Warhead
4.5 kg
Guidance
Laser Beam Riding
Summary

The T-90 is a third-generation Russian battle tank that entered service in 1993. The tank is a modern variation of the T-72B and incorporates many features found on the T-80U. Originally called the T-72BU, but later renamed to T-90, it is an advanced tank in service with Russian Ground Forces.

Draft entry. Values come from the cited public sources and are awaiting editor verification.
CompareJSON
Operators
AzerbaijanAlgeriaIndiaIraqRussiaSyriaTurkmenistanUgandaUkraineVietnam
Sources
  1. T-90 Russian Main Battle Tank (MBT), U.S. Army TRADOC G-2 Worldwide Equipment Guide (ODIN)
    Published/updated 2026-03-20 · Tier 1 · checked 2026-10-10
Change log
  • 2026-10-10 Entry created from the Worldwide Equipment Guide (ODIN), bulk import