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Air ForcesChina

Harbin Y-12 (Yunshuji-12)

Utility aircraftFielded 1984Pending verification
Air ForcesCHN
Harbin Y-12 (Yunshuji-12)
Photo: Harold2030 · CC BY-SA 4.0, Wikimedia Commons
Fact cardConfidence · Source
System
TypeUtility aircraft
Date of introduction1984
ProliferationAt least 17 countries
ManufacturerHarbin Aircraft Industry GroupMed[1]
Crew2Med[1]
Dimensions and weight
Length14.86 m49 ftMed[1]
Height5.58 m18 ftMed[1]
Wingspan17.24 m57 ftMed[1]
Wing area34.27 sq mMed[1]
Empty weight3,000 kg6,614 lbMed[1]
Max takeoff weight5,300 kg11,684 lbMed[1]
Flight performance
Engine2 x Pratt & Whitney Canada PT6A-27Med[1]
Thrust / power620 shp eachMed[1]
Cruise speed328 km/h; 271 km/hMed[1]
Service ceiling7,000 m22,966 ftMed[1]
Rate of climb504 m/min; 101 m/minMed[1]
Variants
Y-12 (I)Twin-engined STOL utility transport aircraft, powered by two 500-shp (373-kW) Pratt & Whitney Canada PT6A-11 turboprop engines. Prototype version.[1]
Y-12 (II)Fitted with more powerful PT6A-27 engines.[1]
Y-12 (III)Planned version to be fitted with WJ-9 turboprop. Evolved to Y-12C because of IV's success when WJ-9 development was completed.[1]
Y-12 (IV)Improved version. Revised wingtips (span increased to 19.2 m (63 ft)) and increased takeoff weight. 19 passenger seats. This version is the first aircraft in the series certified by the FAA in 1995.[1]
Y-12CBasically a (IV) version with WJ-9 turboprop, used by PLAAF for aerial survey.[1]
Y-12DDomestically deployed military version with upgraded engines driving four-bladed propellers, used by PLA Airborne Corps for parachute training.[1]
Y-12EVariant with 18 passenger seats. PT6A-135A engines of equal horsepower but increased torque driving four-bladed propellers. This version was certified by the FAA in 2006.[1]
Y-12FThe latest development with almost everything redesigned: wider fuselage, new wings, retractable landing gear and more powerful PT6A-65B engines. The Y-12F has higher cruise speed, longer range and can accommodate 19 passengers or 3x LD3 containers.[1]
Summary

Harbin Y-12 or Yunshuji-12 is a twin-engine light multi-role aircraft designed and developed by Harbin Aircraft Manufacturing Corporation (HAMC) of China. It was derived from its predecessor the Harbin Y-11.

Draft entry. Values come from the cited public sources and are awaiting editor verification.
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Operators
ChinaDjiboutiEritreaGhanaGuyanaIranKenyaCambodiaSri LankaMaliMyanmarMauritaniaNamibiaPakistanPeruTanzaniaZambia
Sources
  1. Harbin Y-12 (Yunshuji-12) Chinese Utility Aircraft, U.S. Army TRADOC G-2 Worldwide Equipment Guide (ODIN)
    Published/updated 2026-03-20 · Tier 1 · checked 2026-10-10
Change log
  • 2026-10-10 Entry created from the Worldwide Equipment Guide (ODIN), bulk import
  • 2026-10-10 Added photo (CC BY-SA 4.0)